Stone-plug construction for refining-engines.



NO. 790,938. .PATENTED MAY 30, 1905.

S. R.- WAGrGr. STONE PLUG CONSTRUCTION FOR RBFINI'NG BNGINES.'

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 6,1908.

NITED STATES Patented May 30, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

SOLOMON R. WAGG, OF APPLETON, WISCONSIN.

STONE-PLUG CONSTRUCTION FOR REFlNlNG-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,938, dated May 30,1905.

Application filed August 6, 1903. Serial No. 168,535.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SOLOMON R.WAGG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Appleton, in the county of Outagamie and State of VVis- 4consin, have invented new and useful Improveor about a central-shaft toform the completed plug, in the novel manner of constructing certain ofthe larger disks, in providing disks of different degrees of fineness ofgrit or grain, whereby the plug as a whole will be composed of stonedisks gradually increasing in fineness from the small end of the plug tothe larger end, and in providing a series of stone disks havingperipheral grooves or recesses to afford integral radially-projectingteeth which when the disks are assembled on the shaft to form the plugare adapted to aline, whereby to provide a series of blades andinterposed grooves extending longitudinally of the plug.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I haveillustrated the same in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l isa side elevation of the plug of a Jordan engine constructed according tomy invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of one of the larger stone disks,showing the same to be composed of four segmental sections. Fig. 3 is asectional view taken through the center of the disk of Fig. 2, and Fig.4: is a section through the cylinder and plug, showingin elevation oneof the stone disks located at the smaller end of the plug, the samebeing composed of an integral piece of stone, and also showing one ofthe stone segments of the shell.

Referring now to the drawings, 5 indicates the plug of a Jordan engine,which is composed of a series of stone disks 6 set side by side on acentral squared shaft 7 The disks 6 at the larger end of the plug are ofsuch size, approximating three feet in diameter, as to render itimpracticable to construct them from 'a single piece of stone. 1therefore adopted the construction for the larger disks, as illustratedin Figs. 2 and 3, in which the disk indicated generally by 8 representsthe largest disk of the plug. This disk I construct of four segmentalsections 9, 10, 11, and 12, which are rabbeted on one side around theirinner circumference, as indicated at 13, to receive an enlarged annularrib 14 of a circular metal plate 15, which is provided with a centralsquared opening 16, adapted to it snugly upon the shaft 7. The circularmetal plate 15 is provided at suitable intervals with apertures 17,which are adapted to aline with corresponding apertures 18 made in thesegments of the disk, the purpose of which will presently appear. Eachof the segments 9, 1O, 11, and 12 of the disk 8 is provided at theperiphery with recesses 19 and projections or teeth 20.

Referring to Fig. 4, the disk 21 there illustrated may be assumed to bethe disk at the smaller end of the plug and differs in construction fromthe disk 8 in the fact that it is made as an integral structure fromstone. It is provided with a squared opening 22 to receive the shaft 7,with recesses 19 and projections or teeth 20, and with apertures 18 inthe same manner as the disk 8.

It will be understood that solid stone disks 21, gradually increasing insize, are employed until the size of the disk renders it impracticableto construct them from a single piece of stone, when the disks 8 arethen employed, composed of sections of stone, as illustrated in Fig. 2.The-apertures 17 in the circular plates 15 and the apertures 18 in thestone disks or stone segments alining therewith are for the purpose ofpermitting metal bolts to be passed through all of the stone disks,these bolts being indicated by 23. At opposite ends of the plug thebolts 23 pass through circular metal clamping-plates 24, located at eachend of the plug, and have applied thereto nuts for clamping the plates24 firmly against the outer sides of the end disks. The Opposite ends ofthe squared shaft 9 are provided with round extensions 25 to provide thejournals for the plug, and preferably these journals are screwthreadedadjacent to the clamping-plates 2 L, whereby clamping-nuts 26 may beapplied and screwed up tightly against the clampingplates 24 to morefirmly compress the disks 6 together.

When assembled in the manner shown in Fig. 1, the projections or teeth20 of the various disks 6 are brought into alinement, whereby to providea series of longitudinal stone bars with interposed grooves for thepassage through the machine of the stock. In order to brace these stonebars and to assist in preventing them as far as possible from crumblingat the edges, I insert in each longitudinal groove a filler-strip ofwood. As shown at 27 in Fig. 2, this filler-strip may be flat and onlypartially fill the grooves, or, as shown at 18, they may extend flushwith the outer edges of the teeth 20 and have their central portions cutout, as indicated at 29, to provide the requisite grooves for thepassage of the stock.

As previously stated, an important feature of the invention resides inhaving the stone disks at the inlet or smaller end of the plugrelatively coarse in grain and to employ disks of successively lessdegrees of coarseness as the outlet or large end of the plug is reached,where disks of the finest grain or grit will be employed. The diskswhich I employ are preferably made of artificial stone, such ascarborundum, and the different grades of this stone are designated bynumbers. Assuming No. 20 to be the coarsest grade which I will employ, Iwould preferably locate three disks 6 at the smaller end of the plug ofthis grade of stone. I would then employ a suitable number of diskssaythree or four of the next finer gradesay N0. 30-and continue using disksof a successively less degree of coarseness until the larger end of theplug is reached, Where three or more disks of a gradesay No. 100would bearranged, such disks having a very fine grain or grit.

The stock treated in a plug constructed as described will first besubjected to the action of the coarse stone located at the inlet end ofthe engine and then be subjected to the action of stones of successivelyless degrees of coarseness until before leaving the engine the stockwould be treated to the action of stones of a very fine grain, whichwill impart an extremely fine finish to the stock, resulting in theproduction of a paper of great smoothness. The employment of stone barsor blades instead of metal results in the treatment of the stock to adisintegrating rather than cutting action, and thus the resultant paperis very much stronger in texture and less brittle than paper that hasbeen subjected in the refining-engine to the action of metal knives.

In order to secure a close union between the various disks, I preferablyi'nterpose a circular disk 30, of canvas, between each two disks. Thiscanvas will fill up any interstices that may exist between the disks, sothat the plug will practically present the appearance of an integralstructure. Canvas, moreover, being yielding will enable the stone disksto be more firmly clamped together without danger of breaking orcrumbling than if the stone were brought directly face to face, as willbe understood.

An important advantage of this construction of stone plug resides in theease and economy with which new disks may be supplied to take the placeof those which have been worn out.

In the ordinary Jordan engine the plug has an endwise adjustment ofabout twelve inches to take up for the wear of the blades of the plug.In the use of plugs constructed according to this invention, when thelimit of this adjustment has been reached the first one or two disks atthe smaller end of the plug may be removed. The other disks may bepushed forward toward the clamping-plate 24 at the smaller end of theplug, and one or more large disks 8 maybe inserted on the shaft7at thelarge end of the plug, the number of new disks placed on the plug ofcourse corresponding to the number of small disks that have beenremoved. Thus it will be seen that I provide for an extended use of allof the disks, except the first two disks initially employed at thesmaller end of the plug. It will of course be understood that as thelarge disks 8 are made to approach the smaller end of the plug the teethor projections 20 will be more and more Worn away, and consequently therecesses 19 will have to be deepened.

Instead of the disks 30 being of canvas they may be of wood or of anyother material softer than stone.

Referring now to Fig. 4, 31 indicates the cylinder of the engine, whichis lined around its interior with a series of segmental blocks 32 ofstone, having integral bars or blades 33 in the grooves, between whichare inserted wooden filler-strips 34. A Jordan engine is about five feetlong, and it is impracticable to make the blocks 32 of such length. Theyare therefore made in sections of any desired length and placed end toend and secured together by means of bolts 35, extending longitudinallythrough all of the sections composing a block in suitable aliningapertures provided in the sections for the purpose. One advantage whichmay be mentioned for this construction of cylinder is that it provides aseries of fixed blades or bars which cannot be tilted over, which mayhappen where independent blades are employed unless the latter arefirmly braced in position.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the improvementsherein may be employed in connection with an ordinary beating or Hollandengine and likewise that changes may be made in the form, arrangement,and construction of parts herein described without departing from thespirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A plug for refining-engines comprising a central shaft, and a seriesof separate disks arranged side by side on said shaft and provided withalternate teeth and recesses.

2. A plug for refining-engines composed of a series of stone disks,substantially as described.

3. A plug for refining-engines composed of a series of stone disks, eachof which is provided on its periphery with alternate teeth projectionsand recesses.

1. A plug for refining-engines composed of a series of stone disks ofsuccessively less degree of coarseness from the smaller to the largerend of the plug.

5. A plug for refining-engines comprising a shaft, a series of stonedisks mount-ed side by side on said shaft, and means for clamping saiddisks firmly together.

6. A plug for refining-engines comprising a shaft, a series of stonedisks mounted on said shaft and providing a series of longitudinalgrooves extending longitudinally of the plug, and means for clampingsaid disks together.

7. A plug for refining-engines comprising a shaft, a series of stonedisks mounted side by side on said shaft, and provided with a number ofalining apertures, clamping plates mounted on opposite ends of saidshaft and bolts passed through said clamping-plates and through theapertures in said disks, and provided with n'utswhereby the disks may befirmly clamped together.

8. A plug for refining-engines comprising a shaft, a series of stonedisks mounted on said shaft provided with a series of alining apertures,clamping-plates mounted on each end of said shaft, bolts passed throughsaid clamping-plates and through the apertures in said disks andprovided with nuts, a projection at each end of said shaft provided withscrewthreads, and a nut screwed on each of said projections and bearingagainst said clampingplates.

9. A plug for refining-engines comprising a central shaft and a seriesof stone disks mounted on said shaft, said disks being ofsuccessively-decreasing diameter from one end to the other of the shaftwhereby when assembled upon the shaft to present a conical structure,and means for clamping said disks together.

10. A plug for refining-engines comprising a central shaft, a series ofstone disks mounted. on said shaft, a yielding substance interposedbetween each of said disks, and means for clamping said disks and theinterposed material firmly together.

11. A plug for refining-engines comprising a central shaft, a series ofstone disks mounted thereon, a disk of canvas inserted between each twostone disks, and means for clamping said stone disks and interposedcanvas disks together.

12. A disk for the plug of a refining-engine comprising a central metaldisk provided with an aperture and a series of stone segments arrangedabout said metal disk, substantially as described. I

13. A disk for the plug of a refining-engine comprising a circular metaldisk having an aperture and provided with an annular rib projecting fromone side at its outer edge, and a series of stone segments arrangedaround said circular disk and provided with rabbeted portions to receivesaid annular rib.

14. A plug for refining-engines composed of a central shaft, and aseries of disks fixedly arranged side by side on said shaft andproviding a series of longitudinal grooves extending longitudinally ofthe plug.

15. Astone plugfor refining-engines affording a series of bars withinterposed grooves, and a wooden filler strip inserted in each grooveand supporting the edges of said bars.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

SOLOMON R. VVAGG.

Witnesses:

GEO. H. PEERENBOOM, P. L. ScHUELLnR.

